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目的探讨各期尘肺患者肺功能损害的程度和性质。方法检测82例煤工尘肺(CWP)患者肺功能,观察肺通气功能指标:用力肺活量(FVC)、1秒钟用力呼气量(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC%、最大呼气流速(PEF)、最大通气量(MVV)、气道总阻力(R5)、中心气道阻力(R20)、上气道阻力(R35)、弥散功能(DLco)、余气量肺总量比(RV/TLC)等各项指标的改变。结果 FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC、MVV在不同期别CWP患者中差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC、DLco、MVV和PEF指标,期别越高其测量值越低,而RV/TLC、R5、R20、R35指标,则期别越高其测量值越高。随着CWP期别越高肺功能损害越严重,68.29%CWP患者为混合型通气功能障碍。结论 CWP期别越高肺功能损害越严重。肺功能障碍分型也由限制性或阻塞性逐渐向混合性通气障碍转变。
Objective To investigate the extent and nature of pulmonary dysfunction in patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods Pulmonary function was measured in 82 cases of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP). Fetal lung function (FVC), forced expiratory volume (FEV1), FEV1 / FVC%, maximum expiratory flow rate (PEF) (MVV), total airway resistance (R5), central airway resistance (R20), upper airway resistance (R35), diffuse function (DLco), RV / Item index changes. Results There were significant differences in FEV1, FVC, FEV1 / FVC and MVV in different periods of CWP patients (P <0.01); FVC, FEV1, FEV1 / FVC, DLco, The lower the value, and RV / TLC, R5, R20, R35 indicators, the higher the period the higher the measured value. As the higher the CWP period, the more severe the lung function was. 68.29% of patients with CWP had mixed ventilatory dysfunction. Conclusion The higher the level of CWP, the more serious the damage of lung function. The classification of pulmonary dysfunction also changed from restrictive or obstructive gradually to mixed ventilatory disorder.