目的探讨手足口病流行病学特征。方法对湘西自治州2008-2010年手足口病进行描述流行病学分析和实验室检测。结果自治州2008-2010年共报告手足口病4 628例,其中重症16例,死亡5例,年均发病率62.21/10万,发病率逐年上升。全州各县(市)均有病例报告,吉首市最高(191.96/10万)。2008和2009年发病高峰在4～6月,实验室检测病原以CoxA16型为主;2010年岀现2个发病高峰,分别在5月和11月,实验室检测以EV71为主,重症和死亡病例增加。病例年龄主要在5岁以下,以散居和幼托儿童为主。3年共报告手足口病突发公共卫生事件7起,均发生在幼儿园。结论湘西自治州手足口病疫情处于上升状态,发病高峰时间和流行的病原型别皆在变化,其监测和防控措施有待进一步加强。 Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Epidemiological analysis and laboratory tests on HFMD in western Hunan Province from 2008 to 2010 were carried out. Results A total of 4 628 HFMD cases were reported in the Autonomous Prefecture from 2008 to 2010, of which 16 were severe and 5 were fatal, with an average annual incidence of 62.21 / 100 000. The incidence rate increased year by year. All counties (cities) have case reports, Jishou the highest (191.96 / 100,000). The peak incidence in 2008 and 2009 was from April to June. The pathogen was mainly CoxA16 in laboratory. In 2010, there were 2 peak incidences in May and November respectively. The main laboratory test was EV71, severe and fatal Increased cases. The main cases of age under 5 years old, mainly to diaspora and childcare. Three years reported a total of 7 cases of HFMD public health emergencies, all occurred in kindergartens. Conclusion The epidemic situation of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture is on the rise. The peak time of onset and prevalence of pathogens are all changing. The monitoring and prevention and control measures need to be further strengthened.