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背景:外周血干细胞可转分化成各种神经细胞,产生多种神经营养因子,而且已经在一些神经系统疾病的试验治疗中取得了可喜效果,如何优化其培养条件,使其扩增并定向分化成为研究热点。目的:就近年来外周血干细胞在脑损伤、遗传缺陷性或退行性疾病的研究和应用进行综述。方法:应用计算机以peripheral blood stem cell,neural,repair为检索词,检索Pubmed数据库(1999-01/2009-09);应用计算机以外周血干细胞、神经、修复为检索词,检索中国期刊网全文数据库(1999-01/2009-09)。结果与结论:共收集221篇关于外周血干细胞方面的文献,中文41篇,英文180篇,排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究,纳入27篇符合标准的文献。外周血干细胞能在体外扩增,转分化成各种神经细胞,可以到达中枢神经系统的神经受损处,分化成类神经元,并改善受损区域的相关功能。关于外周血干细胞的分化机制目前了解不是很充分,但是大量研究表明外周血干细胞具有的表面标记抗原与其生物学特征密切相关。虽然关于外周血干细胞表面标记物的研究有许多,但是研究人员一直无法确定一个可靠的可以直接标记外周血干细胞的标志。由于CD34功能尚未明确,一直被公认为参与早期造血CD34是造血干细胞的标志物的理论近年受到挑战。如何提高外周血干细胞在体内的成活率,以及提高其向神经元样细胞定向分化等问题还需进一步分析。
BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood stem cells can transdifferentiate into various nerve cells and produce a variety of neurotrophic factors. And they have achieved encouraging results in the experimental treatment of some diseases of the nervous system. How to optimize their culture conditions to amplify and differentiate them? Become a research hot spot. Objective: To summarize the research and application of peripheral blood stem cells in brain injury, genetic defects or degenerative diseases in recent years. Methods: The computer was used to search the Pubmed database (1999-01 / 2009-09) using the term of peripheral blood stem cell, neural and repair as the search term. The computer was used to search the full-text database of Chinese Journal Net (1999-01 / 2009-09). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 221 articles on peripheral blood stem cells were collected, 41 articles in Chinese and 180 articles in English. Except for the publication of earlier, repeated and similar studies, 27 articles with standard criteria were included. Peripheral blood stem cells can be expanded in vitro, transdifferentiated into various nerve cells, can reach the nerve center of the central nervous system damage, differentiate into neurons, and improve the function of the damaged area. There is not sufficient understanding about the differentiation mechanism of peripheral blood stem cells at present. However, a large number of studies show that the surface-labeled antigens of peripheral blood stem cells are closely related to their biological characteristics. Although there are many studies on peripheral blood stem cell surface markers, researchers have been unable to identify a reliable marker that directly marks peripheral blood stem cells. Since the function of CD34 has not been clearly defined, it has long been recognized that early involvement of hematopoiesis has been challenged by the theory that CD34 is a marker of hematopoietic stem cells. How to improve the survival rate of peripheral blood stem cells in vivo and how to improve their differentiation into neuron-like cells need to be further analyzed.