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沈括(1032—1096)字存中,浙江钱塘人。他在二十四岁时,以父荫被任为沭阳(江苏沭阳)主簿。在沭阳任内曾疏浚过沭水,筑成许多渠堰,灌溉良田7000余顷。以后任宣州宁国县令,又修治芜湖的万春圩,灌溉田地1270余顷。1063年考中进士,参加了昭文馆书籍的校勘工作。在他担任这个职务的时候,就开始研究天文,后来被提升为太史令兼管司天监,由于职务上的便利,以后他在天文历算方面作出了许多卓越的贡献。1074年沈括出任河北西路察访使。在他访察河北一带的时候,注意讲修武备,增强了北方边防的力量。当年契丹族的辽国以来兵在河东路沿边增修营垒为借口,
Shen Kuo (1032-1096) word deposit, Zhejiang Qiantang people. At twenty-four, he was appointed as the main book of Shuyang (Jiangsu Shuyang) with his father Yam. In Shuyang Ren dredging had Shu Shui, built many drainage weir, irrigated farmland 7000 hectares. After Ren Xuan Zhou Ningguo county magistrate, and repair Wuhu Wan Chun Wei, irrigated 1270 acres of land. Examinations in 1063 Jinshi, participated in the Zhaoyuan library books collation. As he took up this post, he began to study astronomy and was later promoted to Taishi Shing and the supervisor of the supervisor. Due to his position, he made many outstanding contributions to the astronomical calendar. In 1074, Shen Kuo took the post of visiting Hebei West Road. During his visit to Hebei Province, he paid attention to explaining and training armed forces and strengthened the strength of the northern frontier defense. Since the Liao Dynasty of the Qidan nationality soldiers in the Hedong Road, along the sidelines to repair camp as an excuse,