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当采用天然地基但其承载力或变形不满足设计要求时,须进行地基处理或采用桩基础。如何提高桩的承载力是普遍关注的问题,增大桩径可以提高桩的承载力,但由于受桩间距的制约,其提高程度往往是有限的。国内外研究者想通过增加桩端受力面积或者改善桩端土体的受力特性,来提高桩的承载力,相应发明了各种类型的沉管夯击式扩底灌注桩(见本专题讲座(一),基桩施工类型图)。
When natural foundation is used but its bearing capacity or deformation does not meet the design requirements, foundation treatment or pile foundation shall be carried out. How to improve the bearing capacity of pile is a common concern. Increasing pile diameter can improve the bearing capacity of pile. However, due to the restriction of pile spacing, the improvement is often limited. Researchers at home and abroad want to improve the bearing capacity of pile by increasing the stress area of the pile end or improving the stress characteristics of the pile-end soil. Correspondingly, various types of immersed pipe tamping expanded bottom grouting piles have been invented Lectures (a), foundation pile construction type map).