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种类繁多的吩嗪类化合物对有机化学研究者来说并不陌生,它广泛地存在于有机天然产物中并且具有较好的生物活性,含有天然骨架的吩嗪类化合物的合成过程简单,分子结构的功能化容易.该类化合物具有多个配位点和较大的共轭体系,使其容易形成氢键、离子键以及π-π堆积作用等弱相互作用.因此,吩嗪类化合物在超分子化学中的应用极为广泛.分子识别(MR)和超分子自组装(MS-A)是一直以来是超分子化学的两大重要的研究方向,综述了近几年来吩嗪衍生物在MR和MS-A中的应用进展.根据与吩嗪衍生物所作用的客体的类型的不同将MR分为阳离子识别(CR)、阴离子识别(AR)以及中性分子识别(NMR)三类.根据诱导因素的不同又将MS-A分为以下五类:氢键作用诱导的自组装(HBSA)、堆积作用诱导的自组装(ASA)、金属-配体作用诱导的自组装(M-LSA)、多种作用力协同作用诱导的自组装(MFSA)以及外界环境的导向作用诱导的自组装(OESA).
A wide range of phenazine compounds is not new to organic chemistry researchers. It is widely present in organic natural products and has good biological activity. The synthesis of phenazine compounds containing natural frameworks is simple and the molecular structure Of the functionalization is easy.The compound has a plurality of coordination points and a larger conjugate system, making it easy to form hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and π-π stacking interaction weak interaction, etc. Therefore, phenazine compounds in super Molecular chemistry (MR) and supramolecular self-assembly (MS-A) have long been two important research directions in supramolecular chemistry. In recent years, the applications of phenazine derivatives in MR and MS-A. MR is divided into three categories: cation recognition (CR), anion recognition (AR) and neutral molecular recognition (NMR) according to the type of guest acting on phenazine derivatives. Different factors in turn divide MS-A into the following five categories: HBSA, ASA, M-LSA, Self-assembly induced by multiple forces synergistically (M FSA) and the guidance of the external environment-induced self-assembly (OESA).