目前国内外教科书有关弱酸或弱碱性溶液中 pH 值的计算公式,一般是从“物料平衡、电荷平衡、质子平衡”这三大平衡方程式推导而来的(即“代数法”),其优点是推导过程严谨,人们易于接受,但其精确计算公式复杂,在具体计算时往往需要进行一系列的简化,且这些简化过程对于初学者来说,难于掌握。A.林邦指出“酸和碱可视为络合物”。因为许多能与金属离子结合的配位体,也能与氨离子相结合,那么可以把酸类物质认为是氢络合物;而水 At present, the textbooks in the domestic and foreign textbooks about the pH value in weak acid or weak alkaline solution are generally derived from the three equilibrium equations of “material balance, charge balance and proton balance” (ie “algebra”). The advantages Is rigorous in derivation process and easy to accept by people. However, its exact calculation formula is complicated. In the concrete calculation, a series of simplifications are often needed, and these simplifications are difficult for beginners to master. A. Lam State states that “acids and bases can be considered as complexes.” Because many ligands that bind to metal ions are also bound to ammonia ions, acids can be thought of as hydrogen complexes; and water