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以国内稀土行业12家上市公司2004—2012年的财务数据为例,运用DEA方法对4家稀土前端企业和8家稀土后端企业的经营绩效进行了比较,并剖析了两者经营绩效水平存在差异的主要原因。后端企业的经营绩效水平相对较低,企业间绩效状况呈现“两极分化”;后端企业的技术投入效用低下是造成其经营绩效水平偏低的主要原因;前端企业的经营绩效变动主要依靠政策影响,继续大规模将资源投入到前端对产业升级不利。最后,从绩效角度提出了促进我国稀土前端、后端企业协调发展的相关政策建议。
Taking the financial data of 12 listed companies in China’s rare earth industry from 2004 to 2012 as an example, the operating performance of four rare earth frontend enterprises and eight rare earth back-end enterprises are compared by using DEA method, and the operating performance of the two companies is analyzed The main reason for the difference. The performance of the back-end enterprise is relatively low, the performance of the enterprise shows “polarization ”; the low efficiency of the back-end enterprise’s technical input is the main reason causing the low level of its business performance; Depending on the policy implications, continuing large-scale investment of resources to the front-end will be detrimental to industrial upgrading. Finally, from the performance point of view, we put forward some policy recommendations to promote the coordinated development of rare earth front-end and back-end enterprises in our country.