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我国钢铁工业1979年消耗了7507万吨标准煤的能源,吨钢能耗高达2.18吨标准煤,文小分析了能耗高的原因:(1)附属工业过多,多耗能1560万吨,(2)铁钢比高,多耗能1030万吨,(3)可比能耗高,多耗能1860万吨,合计多耗能4450万吨标准煤。由此建议:(1)压缩铸造铁和制钢自耗铁,可节能650万吨标准煤,(2)在冶炼与轧制部门推行一批切实可行的节能技术,并进行整顿,可节能800万吨,(3)附属工业节能100万吨。合计1550万吨标准煤,可用以生产1060万吨钢及相应的铁和钢材。这样,1985年生产4500万吨钢、3860万吨铁,3200万吨钢材,可以不增加能源消耗,实现能源消耗的“零增长”。由此要求年节能率为4％,远低于近几年的节能率。文中对冶炼和轧制方面的节能项目有较详细的叙述。
In 1979, China’s iron and steel industry consumed 75.07 million tons of standard coal energy, with an energy consumption of 2.18 tons of standard coal per tonne of steel. Wen Xiaodao analyzed the reasons for high energy consumption: (1) Too much auxiliary industry consumes more than 15.6 million tons of energy, (2) The ratio of iron and steel is high, and energy consumption is 10.3 million tons. (3) The comparable energy consumption is high and the energy consumption is 18.6 million tons. The total energy consumption is 44.5 million tons of standard coal. Therefore, it is suggested that: (1) Compressing cast iron and steelmaking consumable iron can save 6.5 million tons of standard coal; (2) Implementing a series of practicable energy saving technologies in smelting and rolling department and reorganizing them to save energy 800 Ten thousand tons, (3) Ancillary industries save one million tons. Total 15.5 million tons of standard coal can be used to produce 10.6 million tons of steel and the corresponding iron and steel. In this way, 45 million tons of steel, 38.6 million tons of iron and 32 million tons of steel were produced in 1985, thus achieving “zero growth” of energy consumption without increasing energy consumption. This requires that the annual energy saving rate of 4%, well below the energy saving rate in recent years. The article on the smelting and rolling aspects of energy-saving projects have a more detailed description.