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根据骨折的轴向,颞骨骨折可以分为纵行、横形及混合性三种。多数颞骨骨折是纵行的(80%)并在迷路外,这类骨折可能会涉及鼓室和乳突的骨性组织和软组织,也可能损伤面神经。横形骨折常涉及迷路,往往造成耳蜗和前庭的损伤。混合性颞骨骨折则可兼有以上两种损伤。由于骨迷路内软骨层的修复较差,粘膜的上皮生长会形成瘘管,出现脑脊液长期渗漏,因此横形或混合性颞骨骨折的晚期并发症有发生细菌性脑膜炎的危险。作者主张对这类骨折患者进行长期随
According to the axial fracture, temporal bone fractures can be divided into longitudinal, transverse and mixed three. Most temporomandibular fractures are longitudinal (80%) and are lost. Such fractures may involve the bony and soft tissues of the tympanic and mastoid processes and may also damage the facial nerve. Horizontal fractures often involve getting lost, often resulting in cochlear and vestibular damage. Mixed temporal bone fracture may have both the above two injuries. Due to the poor repair of the cartilage layer in the bony labyrinth, mucosal epithelial growth will form fistulas and cause long-term leakage of cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, the late complications of transverse or mixed temporal bone fractures are at risk of bacterial meningitis. The authors advocate long-term follow-up of patients with such fractures