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细胞中蛋白质的合成和运输是复杂而严格调控的过程,在结构高度特异化的神经元细胞更是如此。神经元树突中存在着不同于其他细胞的独立于胞体运输途径的非典型运输途径,其构成主要有树突mRNA、树突内质网(dER)和树突“外驻”高尔基体(Golgi outposts)。关于这些细胞微结构的形态分布,其非典型运输的功能以及相关病理学研究近几年有重要的进展。
The synthesis and trafficking of proteins in cells is a complex and tightly regulated process, especially in structurally highly specialized neuronal cells. There are atypical transport pathways in neuronal dendrites that are distinct from other cells and that are independent of the cytoplast transport pathways and constitute the major dendritic mRNA, dendritic endoplasmic reticulum (dER) and dendritic “resident” Golgi (Golgi outposts). With regard to the morphological distribution of these cellular microstructures, their atypical transport function and related pathological studies have made important progress in recent years.