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周期长和风险高是林业生产的两个显著特点,而政策性森林保险的实施能够帮助林农有效分散经营风险、保障经济收益。自2009年我国进行政策性森林保险试点以来,尽管取得一定成效,但试点过程中仍面临一系列难题,其中关键为林农自愿投保积极性不高、保险公司收取保费成本较高等因素导致的市场失灵。通过构建“负担率”和“综合保障度”两个指标,从供需双方成本收益的角度分析导致政策性森林保险市场失灵的因素,并在此基础上提出相关的政策建议。
Long period and high risk are two notable features of forestry production. The implementation of policy-based forest insurance can help forest farmers effectively disperse operational risks and ensure economic benefits. Since the Pilot Program of Policy-based Forest Insurance was conducted in China in 2009, a series of problems remain in the process of piloting despite some achievements. The key lies in the lack of enthusiasm for voluntary forestation by forest farmers and the market failure caused by the high cost of insurance premiums charged by insurance companies. Through constructing two indexes of “burden ” and “comprehensive protection ”, this paper analyzes the factors leading to the failure of the policy forest insurance market from the perspective of the cost and benefit of both supply and demand, and on this basis, puts forward the relevant policy recommendations.