热性惊厥危险因素中多强调年龄、遗传易感性、脑损害等。环境因素的作用,尤其病毒感染则是神经科学研究中相对受忽略的领域。本文综述了病毒感染对热性惊厥发病的影响及其作用,提示某些病毒感染是热性惊厥相对危险因素,该类病毒易致高热或快速引起高热的临床特点可以使惊厥易感者发生热性惊厥;一些嗜神经性病毒入侵中枢神经系统、致炎细胞因子作用也可能导致热性惊厥。对病毒的干预可能有利于防止热性惊厥发生。 More emphasis on the risk factors of febrile seizure of age, genetic predisposition, brain damage and so on. The role of environmental factors, especially viral infections, is a relatively neglected area in neuroscience research. This article reviews the impact of viral infection on the incidence of febrile seizures and its role, suggesting that some viral infections are relatively risk factors for febrile seizures, the virus is easy to cause high fever or fever caused by the clinical features of susceptibility to convulsions can heat Convulsions; some neurotropic viruses invade the central nervous system, pro-inflammatory cytokines may also lead to febrile seizures. Intervention with the virus may help prevent the onset of febrile seizures.