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英国工人约翰·弗兰西斯·布雷,一八三九年出版《对劳动的迫害及其救治法案》一书。马克思在《哲学的贫困》中转述并批判了其理论。后人大都据此视之为空想社会主义者,对之否定。现在看,布雷方案很可能是马克思主义史上第一件错案,马克思的批评基本上不妥,布雷可能是第一个把社会主义经济设想为一种公有制下有计划商品经济的工人理论家,是当代社会主义改革的理论先驱者。布雷反对私有制,首先提出应当在最完善的公有社会制度与资本主义之间有一个“过渡的社会阶段”,并设想在这个社会中:“相等的价值总是和相等的价值交换”,即商品经济;“有无数最小的股份公司”,“大家劳动,大家生产,并且在最平等的基础上交换”,使全国形成“一个大股份公
British worker John Francis Bray, published in 1839, “Labor persecution and its treatment bill” a book. Marx rephrased and criticized his theory in The Poverty of Philosophy. According to this, most descendants regarded them as utopian socialists and denied it. Now it is probable that the plan of mine-laying is the first erroneous case in the history of Marxism. Marx's criticism is basically improper. Bray may be the first worker theoretician to think of the socialist economy as a planned commodity economy under public ownership. A pioneer in the theory of contemporary socialist reform. Bray's opposition to private ownership first proposed that there should be a “transitional stage of society” between the most perfect system of public-owned society and capitalism, and envisaged in this society: “Equal values are always exchanged with equal values,” that is, commodities Economy; “there are innumerable smallest joint-stock companies”; “everybody works, everybody produces, and exchanges on the most equal basis” so that the whole country will form a "large stock company