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素质-应激模型认为,部分个体具有与生俱来的“脆弱性”素质,比他人更易受到消极环境的负面影响。差别易感性模型却认为,一部分人是具有更高的发展“可塑性”而不是脆弱性,他们比其他人不仅更易受到不利环境的消极影响,也更易受到积极的、支持性环境的有利影响。首先,对比分析了素质-应激模型和差别易感性模型的基本观点;其次,论述差别易感性模型的理论基础和相关的实证研究;最后,讨论了差别易感性模型的已有研究存在的问题和未来研究的方向。
The Quality-Stress Model argues that some individuals are inherently “fragile” and more likely to be negatively affected by the negative environment than others. The differential susceptibility model argues that some people are more advanced than “plasticity” rather than vulnerable, who are more vulnerable than others to both the negative and the positive effects of a positive, supportive environment . First of all, the basic viewpoints of the quality-stress model and the differential susceptibility model are compared and analyzed. Secondly, the theoretical basis of the differential susceptibility model and the related empirical research are discussed. Finally, the existing problems of the differential susceptibility model are discussed And the direction of future research.