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国内一般称30m以上(通常为9层建筑以上)的建筑为高层建筑。由于室外风速随高度的增加而增加,空气温度随高度的增加而降低,风压热压作用对不同高度有不同的影响。另外,围护结构外表面对流放热系数也随之变化,以及高空幅射的存在等等。所以高层建筑采暖技术与低层建筑采暖的常规有所不同。通过对国内外有关资料的学习,对国内典型高层建筑采暖设计实例的分析研究,以及设计实践和实地调查、测定,现将高层建筑采暖设计的主要特点和设计、计算方法叙述如下。
Domestically, buildings with a height of 30m or more (usually more than 9 floors) are high-rise buildings. As the outdoor wind speed increases with height, the air temperature decreases as the height increases, and the wind pressure and hot pressure effects have different effects on different heights. In addition, the coefficient of convective heat dissipation on the outer surface of the envelope structure also changes, and the presence of high-altitude radiation and so on. Therefore, the heating technology of high-rise buildings is different from the conventional heating of low-rise buildings. Through the study of relevant domestic and foreign materials, analysis and research on typical heating design examples of high-rise buildings in China, as well as design practices and field surveys and measurements, the main characteristics, design and calculation methods of high-rise building heating design are described below.