江泽民同志在全国宣传部长会议上和“七·一”讲话中,都明确地提出要“以德治国”,对此应作何理解?本文仅从管理学方面作一点探讨。“以德治国”作为治国方略,适用对象是整个国家、社会。在具体运用道德手段对国家社会进行治理、管理时,可以划分为三个层面,即以德治党、以德治政、以德治民。以德治党,从管理层次来说是最高层面。 At the national propaganda ministerial meeting and in the “7.1” speech, Comrade Jiang Zemin clearly proposed that “governing the country with ethics” should be understood. What should be done in this article? “Running the country with virtue” as a strategy of running the country, the applicable object is the entire country and society. When concretely using moral means to govern and manage state and society, it can be divided into three levels: governing the party by virtue, governing the government by virtue and governing by virtue. To run the party by virtue is the highest level from the management level.