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在机械零件强度设计中,是以许用应力或安全系数作为强度的判断依据,两者在形式上虽不同,实际上本质是一致的。由于安全系数使用比较简便,故它得到了较广泛的应用。但在传统设计中选用安全系数的方法不够科学,本文介绍应用概率论原理和数理统计方法,从零件要求的可靠度出发,通过计算来确定合理的安全系数的方法。一、安全系数的简易数学式众所周知,从概率论观点看,一切设计参数都是随机变量,并假定它们的误差分布都符合正态分布规律,因此传统设计中即使用了大于1的安全系数,失效还是可能存在的。我们所说的安全是指设计的零件
In the mechanical part strength design, the allowable stress or safety factor is used as the judgment basis of the strength. Although the two are different in form, the essence is the same. As the safety factor is relatively simple to use, it has been more widely used. However, it is not scientific enough to choose the safety factor in the traditional design. This article introduces the method of using the theory of probability theory and mathematical statistics to determine the reasonable safety factor from the reliability of the part requirements. First, the safety factor of simple mathematical It is well known, from the perspective of probability theory, all design parameters are random variables, and assume that their error distribution are in line with the normal distribution, so the traditional design that is greater than 1 with the safety factor, Failure may still exist. What we mean by safety is the design of the part