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本文所说的程度补语指汉语中以“得”字为标志的、处于动词或形容词后的成分,这种补语对”得”字前的动词、形容词或名词(施事、受事)通常起评价、判断、描写、说明等作用,其句子的表述重心在补语部分。这种句式是汉语独有的表达方式,在现代汉语中经常出现。根据程度补语的独特作用,在一定的语境下恰到好处地使用这一句式,可以使译文简练达意,更符合以汉语为母语的读者的语文感,避免翻译腔。笔者就《痴人之爱》(郭来舜等译,以下简称《痴》)、《三四郎》(陈德文译本、吴树文译本,以下简称《三》)的中译本中出现的程度补语对照原著作了调查分析。同时,就巴金、老舍等名著中出现的程度补语在日译本中的处理方法作了归类分析。通过这一工作,笔者认为在日译汉中,程度补语至少在以下几方面有所表现。
Grammar referred to in this paper refers to the component of the Chinese word “得” marked after the verb or adjective, which usually starts with the verb, adjective or noun (acting, receiving) in front of “得” Evaluation, judgment, description, description and other functions, the statement of the sentence center of gravity in the complement part. This sentence is the unique Chinese expression, often appear in modern Chinese. According to the unique role of degree complement, using this sentence exactly in a certain context can make the translation concise and concise, and more in line with the Chinese sense of the reader as a native speaker to avoid translation. The author makes an investigation and analysis on the original words in the Chinese translation of “The Love of a Stranger” (Guo Shishun et al., Hereinafter referred to as “Chi”) and “Sanshilang” (Chen Dewen, Wu Shuwen, hereinafter referred to as “Three”). At the same time, this paper makes a classification analysis on the processing methods of degree complement in the translations of Japanese, such as Ba Jin and Lao She. Through this work, I believe that in the Japanese-Chinese translation, the degree of complement at least in the following aspects of performance.