一、前言随着科学和经济的发展，计算机已越来越广泛深入地应用到现代社会的各个领域。它在人类走向现代化的进程中正扮演着一个十分重要的角色。不管是工业上的自动控制、国防上的卫星技术，还是国家安全保卫，抑或农业、科研、卫生医疗、公安交通、文教、企业管理办公室自动 I. Introduction With the development of science and economy, computers have been applied more and more extensively to all fields of modern society. It is playing a very important role in the process of humanity’s modernization. Whether it is industrial automation, satellite technology on defense, or national security, or agriculture, research, health care, public security traffic, education, business management office automatically