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目的了解与掌握医院感染现状及抗菌药物的使用,为制定医院感染监控措施提供依据。方法对临床感染控制小组人员进行培训后,从2013年8月8日0∶00-24∶00采用床旁调查与病历调查相结合的方法,填写调查表,再进行汇总、整理和分析。结果当日全院住院患者798例,实查798例,实查率为100.00%;发生医院感染19例,医院感染现患率为2.38%,社区感染227例,现患率为28.45%;感染部位居前3位依次为下呼吸道、血液及泌尿道感染,分别占68.42%、15.79%及10.53%;医院感染的高发科室为神经重症科、重症医学科及神经外科,分别占25.00%、20.83%及8.33%;抗菌药物使用率为40.35%,其中治疗用药占67.08%、预防用药占21.74%、治疗加预防用药占11.18%,治疗用药送检率74.54%。结论抗菌药物使用趋于规范,今后应加大医院感染重点科室、重点部位的专项监控,力争降低高发科室医院感染率。
Objective To understand and master the status quo of nosocomial infection and the use of antimicrobial agents in order to provide evidence for the establishment of nosocomial infection control measures. Methods After the training of clinical infection control team members was completed, the questionnaire was filled up from 0:00 to 24:00 on August 8, 2013 using the combination of bedside investigation and medical record investigation, and then the questionnaire was completed and then summarized, collated and analyzed. Results There were 798 inpatients and 798 real cases on the day of hospitalization, the actual examination rate was 100.00%; 19 cases of nosocomial infection, 2.38% of hospital infection and 227 cases of community infection, the prevalence was 28.45% Among them, 3 were lower respiratory tract, blood and urinary tract infections, accounting for 68.42%, 15.79% and 10.53% respectively. The high incidence of nosocomial infections was neuro-critically ill, critically ill medicine and neurosurgery, accounting for 25.00%, 20.83% and 8.33 %. The antibacterial usage rate was 40.35%, of which 67.08% were for therapeutic use, 21.74% were for prophylactic use, 11.18% were for prophylaxis and 74.54% were for therapeutic use. Conclusion The use of antimicrobial agents tends to be standardized. In the future, special surveillance should be given to key departments and key parts of hospital infection so as to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial infections in high prevalence departments.