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猫头鹰(ying)是一种白天休息夜间搏食的夜行性动物。要在黑夜里看清目标,猫头鹰就必须有一双与之相适应的“夜视眼”。动物眼睛的视网膜(mo)的感觉细胞分为圆锥(zhui)细胞和圆柱细胞两种类型。人眼感觉细胞是属于前一种类型,它需要较强的光刺激才能看清物体;而猫头鹰眼生的是圆柱细胞,在较弱的光线下就可以看清东西,因此它能在夜间捕食。猫头鹰眼的构(gou)造和视觉原理,使科学家深受启发,仿照猫头鹰眼的功能,研制了夜间能视物的夜视仪。夜视仪由三部分组成:一是对光线较为敏(min) 感(gan)的光电阴极,能够将弱光照中的物体反射出的微弱光线加以接收,然后转变为电信号;二是增强器,电信号在这里通过高真空、高电压的条件进行放大;三是荧光屏(ping),电变信号转变为清晰的图像。
The owl (ying) is a nocturnal nocturnal animal resting during the day and night. To see the target in the dark, the owl must have a pair of “night-vision eyes” that are compatible with it. Sensory cells of the retina (mo) of animal eyes are divided into two types: zhui cells and cylindrical cells. The human eye feels that the cell belongs to the former type, which requires strong light stimulation to see the object. The owl, on the other hand, is a cylindrical cell, which can be seen under weaker light so it can prey on the night . Owl eye structure (gou) and visual principles, so inspired by scientists, following the owl eye function, developed night vision can be seen as night vision. Night vision consists of three parts: one is a light cathode (gan) of the photocathode, weak light can be reflected in the object to receive the weak light, and then converted to electrical signals; second enhancer , Where the electrical signal is amplified by high-vacuum, high-voltage conditions; third, the ping, electrical signal changes to a clear image.