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本文采用离体鱼头灌注法,以两个造纸厂的制浆造纸废水对147个鲤鱼头进行了人工灌流。结果表明:废水在低浓度(如4%以下)体积稀释液时,鱼头呼吸速率基本未产生影响,而以较高浓度的废水(如5%以上)稀释液灌流与不含废水的鸭绿江水源地水灌流的对照组鱼头比较,几乎均发生了显著性变化,即对鱼鳃盖运动产生了抑制作用,出现了Biot氏呼吸。以往学者们认为,造纸废水主要是由于水中溶解氧(DO)减少而使鱼类致死的,但本工作灌注液中已人工给予足够的DO,提示:有毒物质本身似已直接危及延髓呼吸中枢。 实验同时表明,离体鱼头灌注法可供环境保护部门应用于含多种有机毒性物质的制浆造纸废水的现场监测。
In this paper, an ex-situ fish head perfusion method was used to artificially perfuse 147 carp heads with pulp and paper wastewater from two paper mills. The results showed that the respiration rate of the head of the wastewater was basically unaffected when the wastewater was diluted with a low concentration (for example, below 4%), while the water from the Yalu River with a high concentration of wastewater (eg, 5% or more) Groundwater perfusion of the control group of fish head compared to almost all significant changes occurred, that fish gill motion inhibition, the emergence of Biot’s breath. In the past, scholars believe that papermaking wastewater is mainly caused by the decrease of dissolved oxygen (DO) in water, but enough DO has been artificially given in the perfusate of this work, suggesting that the poisonous substance itself may have directly endangered the medullary respiratory center. The experiment also showed that the in vitro perfusion method can be used by the environmental protection department for on-site monitoring of pulp and paper wastewater containing various organic toxic substances.