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本文概括提出了调车机车柴油机的四个工作特点,即空转时间比例很大,常用手把位很低,平均负荷率很低和工况变化频繁。并据此对调车柴油机提出了10条要求。而目前最迫切的是要提高调车柴油机在部分负荷时的经济性,为此必须改善柴油机的万有特性。指出目前国产调车机车柴油机的特性基本上都不符合调车作业的特点和要求,应加以改进、改造或重新设计。经研究国外的经验,提出调车柴油机的万有特性应符合如下要求:最低油耗点应处于30～60％的负荷范周内,并且在20～100％负荷范围内油耗率的差别不超过10％。
This paper summarizes four working characteristics of shunting locomotive diesel engine, that is, a large proportion of idle time, commonly used hand position is very low, the average load rate is very low and frequent changes in conditions. According to this, the shunting diesel engine made 10 requirements. At present, the most urgent need is to improve the economy of the shunting diesel engine at part load, so that all the characteristics of the diesel engine must be improved. It is pointed out that the characteristics of the domestic shunting locomotive diesel engine basically do not meet the characteristics and requirements of the shunting operation and should be improved, reformed or redesigned. Based on the experience of foreign countries, it is proposed that the universal characteristics of shunting diesel engine meet the following requirements: the minimum fuel consumption point should be within 30-60% of the load range and the difference of fuel consumption rate within the range of 20-100% load should not exceed 10 %.