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目的 :为涉及下腔静脉肾静脉以下段的手术提供该段下腔静脉及属支的解剖学数据。方法 :对 42例成人尸体标本下腔静脉的肾静脉以下段进行解剖和测量。结果 :该段下腔静脉长 (1 3 .0 3± 1 .76)cm ,宽 (2 .34± 0 .33)cm。静脉属支为 (8.74± 2 .0 2 )支 ,其中前壁有 66 .3 % ,上段有 66 .3 %。右睾丸 (卵巢 )静脉 83 .3 %开口于前壁 ,距左肾静脉开口上缘平面 (3 .56± 0 .85)cm。未见有腰升静脉 ,2 8.6 %例数的腰静脉与奇静脉或半奇静脉相连。腰静脉不成对且与腰动脉数目不相等 ,有 63 .8%的腰动脉有腰静脉伴行。结论 :下腔静脉肾静脉以下段的属支多而复杂 ,手术时应特别注意该段下腔静脉的上段及后壁。右睾丸 (卵巢 )静脉位置较稳定 ,可作为临床标志。传统概念的腰升静脉并不存在 ,有关腰静脉的传统描述与实际出入较大
OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomic data on the inferior vena cava and its branches for operations involving the inferior segment of the inferior vena cava renal vein. Methods: The anatomical and measurement of the inferior vena cava of the inferior vena cava of 42 adult cadavers were performed. Results: The inferior vena cava had a length of (1.3 ± 0.376) cm and a width of (2.34 ± 0.33) cm. The branch of the vein was (8.74 ± 2.02) branches, with 66.3% of the anterior wall and 66.3% of the upper segment. The right testicular (ovarian) vein 83.3% open in the anterior wall, left renal vein from the upper edge of the plane (3.56 ± 0.85) cm. There were no lumbar ascending veins, and 2 8.6% of the lumbar veins were connected to the azygous or semi-azygous veins. Lumbar veins unpaired and not equal to the number of lumbar arteries, 63.8% of the lumbar artery with lumbar vein accompanying. CONCLUSIONS: The inferior vena cava renal vein below the genital branch is complex and complicated. Special attention should be paid to the upper segment and posterior wall of this inferior vena cava during the operation. Right testicle (ovary) venous position is more stable, can be used as a clinical landmark. The traditional concept of lumbar ascending vein does not exist, the traditional description of the lumbar veins and the actual larger