Ceria has emerged as a fascinating and lucrative material in bio-application,for instance,disease treatment,bioimaging and drug delivery due to its abilities of transforming oxidation states between Ce~(4+) and Ce~(3+) and scavenging free radicals,which can produce biological effect,such as being potentially antioxidant towards reactive oxygen species.Recently,many studies about one dimension(ID) CeO_2nanomaterials have received much attention because of the unique properties of their length and aspect ratio.We highlight here current research activities focused on the bio-application of 1D ceria nanomaterials.The synthesis methods of 1D cerium oxide nanomaterials were introduced.Several synthesis routes,including template,hydrothermal,sonochemical and other methods,were then discussed with examples developed by recent research.The differences among these methods were also analyzed.This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the synthesis of 1D ceria,its potential applications in biological fields and perspectives on this exciting realm. Ceria has emerged as a fascinating and lucrative material in bio-application, for instance, disease treatment, bioimaging and drug delivery due to its abilities of transforming oxidation states between Ce ~ (4+) and Ce ~ (3+) and scavenging free radicals , which can produce biological effect, such as being potentially antioxidant towards reactive oxygen species. Recently, many studies about one dimension (ID) CeO 2 nanomaterials have received much attention because of the unique properties of their length and aspect ratio. focused on the bio-application of 1D ceria nanomaterials. The synthesis methods of 1D cerium oxide nanomaterials were introduced. Synthesis synthesis routes, including templates, hydrothermal, sonochemical and other methods, were then discussed with examples developed by recent research. These differences from these Methods were also also analyzed. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the synthesis of 1D ceria, its potential applications in biological fields and perspectives on this exciting realm.