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目的了解宁德市乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行特征,为制定预防干预措施提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2004—2010年全市共报告乙肝26 677例,年均报告发病率为114.8/10万,发病率呈逐年上升趋势。主要发病年龄组为15～64岁,占总病例数的92.75%;14岁以下儿童发病占2.32%;发病最少的年龄组为0～4岁,占0.36%。2006年血清监测结果显示,该市人群HBsAg阳性率为7.27%,抗-HBs阳性率为59.24%,0～4岁年龄组HB-sAg阳性率为0.60%。结论宁德市乙肝人群分布不均,乙肝流行还未得到有效控制,继续加强免疫规划工作,大规模推广和加强重点人群、高危人群乙肝疫苗接种,仍是当前最有效的控制措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus in Ningde and to provide a scientific basis for the development of preventive interventions. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analysis. Results A total of 26 677 cases of hepatitis B were reported in the city from 2004 to 2010, with an average annual incidence of 114.8 per 100 000. The incidence rate showed an upward trend year by year. The main age of onset group was 15-64 years, accounting for 92.75% of the total number of cases; children under 14 years of age accounted for 2.32%; the least onset age group was 0-4 years, accounting for 0.36%. The serum surveillance results in 2006 showed that the positive rate of HBsAg in this city was 7.27% and the positive rate of anti-HBs was 59.24%. The positive rate of HBsAg in 0-4 years old group was 0.60%. Conclusion Hepatitis B population in Ningde City is unevenly distributed and the epidemic of hepatitis B has not been effectively controlled. It is still the most effective control measure to continue to strengthen immunization planning, promote large-scale and strengthen hepatitis B vaccination among key populations and high-risk groups.