目的了解佛山市儿童血Cd水平及其影响因素。方法于2009年7～9月,采用整群分层抽样方法随机抽取佛山市7个月～7岁儿童进行血Cd、Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu及Mg水平测定和问卷调查。结果共调查儿童1384人,其中,男童787人,女童597人,性别比约为1.3︰1。儿童血Cd水平范围在0.1～69.8μg/L之间,中位数为0.8μg/L;镉中毒有92人,异常率为6.65%。与男童比较,女童血Cd水平较低,镉中毒率较低,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。﹤1岁儿童血镉中位数低于1～7岁儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。而1～岁儿童镉中毒率高于﹤1岁和2～7岁儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。与相同性别正常组比较,镉中毒组儿童血中Cd、Ca、Pb水平均较高(P﹤0.01),男童血中Zn水平较高(P﹤0.05),女童血中Fe水平较低(P﹤0.05),差异均有统计学意义。正常组与镉中毒组儿童血中Cu、Mg水平间比较,差异均无统计学意义。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,对儿童血镉水平有统计学差异的变量有4个,按照其贡献大小依次为饮食习惯、居住环境、所接触的玩具及被动吸烟,均与儿童血镉水平呈正相关。结论佛山市儿童镉中毒率较高,儿童饮食习惯、居住环境、所接触的玩具及被动吸烟与儿童血Cd水平有关。 Objective To understand the level of serum Cd in children in Foshan and its influencing factors. Methods From July to September in 2009, stratified sampling method was used to measure the levels of Cd, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mg in children from 7 months to 7 years old in Foshan City. Results A total of 1384 children were investigated, of which 787 were boys and 597 were girls, with a sex ratio of about 1.3: 1. The blood levels of cadmium in children ranged from 0.1 to 69.8 μg / L with a median of 0.8 μg / L; cadmium poisoning had 92 and the abnormal rate was 6.65%. Compared with boys, girls had lower levels of blood Cd and cadmium poisoning, with a significant difference (P <0.05). The median blood cadmium of children <1 year old was lower than that of children aged 1 ~ 7 years (P <0.05). The cadmium poisoning rate in children aged 1 ~ 3 years old was higher than that in children <1 year old and 2 ~ 7 years old, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the normal group, the levels of Cd, Ca and Pb in the blood of cadmium poisoning group were higher (P <0.01), the levels of Zn in the blood of boys were higher (P <0.05), and the levels of Fe in the blood were lower P <0.05), the differences were statistically significant. There was no significant difference in Cu and Mg levels in blood between normal group and cadmium poisoning group. The results of multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that there were 4 variables of children’s blood cadmium levels, which were positively correlated with the level of cadmium in children according to their contribution size, eating habit, living environment, toys in contact and passive smoking . Conclusion Children in Foshan City have a higher rate of cadmium poisoning, children’s eating habits, living environment, toys in contact and passive smoking are related to children’s blood Cd levels.