托马斯·卡莱尔(Thomas Carlyle 1795-1881年)生活于十八世纪末和十九世纪,他集浪漫主义历史学家、诗人、文学评论家、道德家于一身。其浪漫主义的历史写作方式形成了独特的“卡莱尔风格”(Carlylism),这使得他作为历史学家的身份总是引起学界诟病。但是,如果我们回到卡莱尔写作历史的时代,分析他所受到的影响,就能理解他对历史的看法和他的历史写作方式。卡莱尔身处启蒙运动晚期和浪漫 Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) lived in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He combines romantic historians, poets, literary critics and moralists. His romantic writing style of history formed a unique “Carlyleism,” which made his identity as a historian always cause criticism in academia. However, if we return to the era of Carlisle’s writing history and analyze his influence, we can understand his view of history and his way of historical writing. Carlisle is in the late Enlightenment and romance