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紫杉醇虽被证明在多种肿瘤治疗中均具有良好的效果,但其有一个严重的缺陷:水溶性低。临床使用中需使用聚氧乙烯蓖麻油(CremphorEL)或无水乙醇作为溶剂,但其在体内降解时能释放组胺,导致严重的过敏反应以及肾毒性和神经毒性等不良反应,此外还存在患者耐受性差、血药浓度低、靶向性差等不足。在乳腺癌的诊断和治疗中,纳米技术改变了紫杉醇制剂的特征参数而使药物表现出缓释、控释性及靶向性等优势,解决了传统紫杉醇制剂水溶性差的缺点,提高了药物的生物利用度,并明显降低了紫杉醇的毒性和副作用,给紫杉醇药物在体内运输提供了新途径。
Although paclitaxel has proven to be effective in a variety of oncology treatments, it has one serious drawback: low water solubility. In clinical use, Cremphor EL or absolute ethanol is used as a solvent, but it can release histamine when it is degraded in vivo, leading to serious allergic reactions and adverse reactions such as nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In addition, patients Poor tolerance, low blood concentration, poor targeting and other deficiencies. In the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, nano-technology has changed the characteristic parameters of paclitaxel formulations and the drug showed the advantages of sustained release, controlled release and targeting, and solved the shortcomings of poor water-solubility of traditional paclitaxel preparations, Bioavailability, and significantly reduce the toxicity and side effects of paclitaxel, providing a new way for paclitaxel drug transport in the body.