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高光谱遥感是一门正在兴起的极具发展潜力的应用科学技术 ,能直接快速地识别岩矿组成、丰度及其分布 ;高光谱图像丰富的空间信息也包含一定的地质构造信息。目前 ,光谱分解模型和修正的高斯模型在岩矿信息定量研究中极具潜力 ;对纹理信息的提取侧重于空域的灰度剪切与有效平均梯度相结合及频域空间内的小波包等技术。根据目前高光谱遥感信息的地质应用 ,总结出高光谱地质应用的技术流程。在此基础之上 ,以青藏高原为例 ,阐述了高光谱遥感的地质应用前景。最后 ,对高光谱遥感技术存在的问题进行了一定的评述。
Hyperspectral remote sensing is an emerging and promising applied science and technology, which can directly and quickly identify rock mass composition, abundance and distribution. Hyperspectral image-rich spatial information also contains some geological structure information. At present, the spectral decomposition model and the modified Gaussian model have great potential in the quantitative research of rock and mine information. The extraction of texture information focuses on the combination of the gray shear of the airspace and the effective average gradient and the wavelet packet in the frequency domain . According to the current geological applications of hyperspectral remote sensing information, the technical flow of hyperspectral geological application is summarized. On this basis, taking the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example, the prospect of geological application of hyperspectral remote sensing is expounded. Finally, the existing problems of hyperspectral remote sensing technology are reviewed.