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东北春小麦根腐病Bipolaris sorokiniana(Sacc.ex Sorokin)shoem.是推广抗锈良种后出现的问题。苗期引起根腐,成株期发生叶斑、穗腐和黑胚粒。病菌有两种类型定名为H_1和H_2型,田间前者占优势。病种子和病株残体是田间发病的初侵染源,种子消毒和轮作可减轻苗期根腐并提高种子出苗率。根腐病菌寄主范围很广,来自29种禾本科杂草和作物上的菌株均能侵染小麦。温室和田间试验结果,小麦灌浆乳熟期发病对产量影响最大,也是形成黑胚粒时期。目前尚无免疫品种,农家种和半冬性品种比国外品种和硬粒小麦抗病,Triticum timopheevii表现高抗。采取种植抗病品种结合种子消毒、轮作、增施氮肥等综合防治技术是防治小麦根腐病的有效措施。
Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.ex Sorokin) shoem. Is a problem that arises after popularizing anti-rust seeds. Seedling caused by root rot, leaf spot occurred during the adult stage, ear rot and black embryo grains. There are two types of bacteria named H_1 and H_2 type, the former field predominance. The diseased seeds and diseased plants are the primary sources of infection in the field. Seed disinfection and rotation can reduce the root rot at the seedling stage and increase the seed germination rate. Root rot hosts have a wide range of hosts that can infect wheat from 29 species of gramineous weeds and crops. Greenhouse and field test results, milking wheat milking incidence of the largest impact on the yield, but also the formation of black embryo period. Currently there is no immune variety, farmer species and semi-winter varieties than foreign varieties and durum wheat disease resistance, Triticum timopheevii high resistance. It is an effective measure to prevent and cure wheat root rot by adopting integrated disease prevention and control technologies such as seed disinfection, rotation and nitrogen application.