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关于玉米的成熟期和收获期,国内外早有研究。Eastin J.D 等人发现:当玉米籽粒达到生理成熟和最高干物质含量时,便出现一条暗色细胞(黑层)。Daynard 等(1969)指出,黑层的出现,标志着籽粒生长的停止。十年之后,Allison J.C.S(1979)又进一步指出:后期生长正常的植株,当叶片还保持部分绿色时,黑层出现。在我国,这方面的报道很少。任和平1985年的试验得出:乳腺终止是玉米真正成熟和收获的合理时期。但是,到目前为止,人们仍然习惯于把玉米的苞叶变黄,作为成熟和收获期的主要标志。教科书上也把玉米果穗苞叶变黄株数达80—90%时,作为成熟的标准,玉米只规定了成熟期,至于什么时候进行收获,认为是无关紧要的。
On the maturity and harvest of corn, early studies at home and abroad. Eastin J.D et al. Found that a dark-colored cell (black layer) appeared when corn kernels reached physiological maturity and maximum dry matter content. Daynard et al. (1969) pointed out that the appearance of the black layer marks the cessation of grain growth. Ten years later, Allison J.C.S. (1979) went on to point out that in later plants, the black layer appeared when the leaves remained partially green. In our country, there are few reports in this area. Ren Heping’s 1985 trial concluded that the termination of mastosis is a reasonable period for true maturity and harvest of corn. However, so far, people are still accustomed to yellowing the husk of corn as a key marker of maturity and harvest. Textbooks also put the corn ear bracts leaves yellowing number of 80-90%, as a mature standard, corn only provides the maturity, as to when the harvest, that is irrelevant.