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目的明确大鼠心肌梗死心电图演变特征及中药干预的作用,为制定大鼠心肌梗死的心电图诊断及药物疗效判定标准提供依据。方法雄性SD大鼠140只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、通心络组、益气药组、活血药组及益气活血药1∶2、2∶1组,每组20只。采用左冠脉前降支结扎法建立大鼠心肌梗死模型,术后第1日各给药组给予相应药物灌胃,假手术组和模型组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃。分别于术前、术后即刻及术后1、2周记录大鼠12导联心电图,对ST段偏移电压值、QRS波群时程和病理性Q波进行统计分析。结果与假手术组比较,模型组术后即刻ST段开始抬高、QRS波群时程明显延长(P<0.01),无病理性Q波出现;1周时各项观察指标均达峰值,2周时有所降低。与模型组2周时比较,益气活血药1∶2、2∶1组均表现出明显的ST段回落、QRS时程缩短和出现病理性Q波大鼠减少,其中益气活血药2∶1组最显著(P<0.01);活血药组仅显示出QRS时程缩短和出现病理性Q波大鼠减少(P<0.05),ST段未见明显回落;益气药组上述3项观察指标无明显改变(P>0.05)。由此初步提出大鼠心肌梗死发作的心电图诊断标准和药物治疗心肌梗死后心肌缺血有效的判定标准。结论心电图检查能对大鼠心肌梗死的演变和药物干预效果做整体且灵敏的评价,为心肌缺血性疾病的实验研究提供了一种较为客观且可供借鉴的判定方法。
Objective To clarify the evolving characteristics of electrocardiogram (ECG) and the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intervention on myocardial infarction in rats, and to provide evidence for the establishment of electrocardiogram diagnosis and drug efficacy criteria in rat myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 140 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, Tongxinluo group, Yiqi drug group, Huoxueyao group and Yiqihuoxue drug group. The left anterior descending coronary artery ligation was used to establish the model of myocardial infarction in rats. On the first day after operation, the rats in each group were given the corresponding drugs. The rats in sham operation group and model group were given the same amount of distilled water. The 12-lead electrocardiogram was recorded before operation, immediately after operation and 1 week and 2 weeks after operation respectively. The values of ST segment offset voltage, QRS wave group duration and pathological Q wave were analyzed statistically. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the ST segment of the model group began to elevate immediately after operation, and the duration of QRS wave group was significantly prolonged (P <0.01), and no pathological Q wave appeared. Each observation index peaked at 1 week, 2 Weeks have been reduced. Compared with model group at 2 weeks, Yiqihuoxue 1: 2,2: 1 group showed obvious ST segment depression, QRS duration shortening and pathological Q wave rats decreased, including Yiqihuoxue medicine 2: 1 group was the most significant (P <0.01); only the shortening of QRS duration and the decrease of pathological Q-wave rats (P <0.05) No significant change in indicators (P> 0.05). This preliminary proposed the onset of myocardial infarction rat electrocardiogram diagnostic criteria and drug treatment of myocardial infarction myocardial ischemic effective standards. Conclusion Electrocardiogram can make an overall and sensitive evaluation on the evolution of myocardial infarction and the effect of drug intervention in rats. It provides a more objective and available decision-making method for the experimental study of myocardial ischemic disease.