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本文运用了进出口相似度、进出口价格比、RCA指数等指标,对中印农机产品的出口状况、进出口价格及竞争力进行比较。研究结果表明,两国出口的农机产品结构相似,主要出口市场有较大重叠,存在较强的竞争性关系;中印农机产品的出口价格均低于进口价格,两国的贸易条件都较差,中国的进出口价格比低于印度,在贸易条件和出口盈利上处于劣势;中印农机产品的竞争力都很弱,中国只在出口规模上具有优势,竞争力水平不及印度。要改变中国农机产品的竞争力普遍较弱的现状,一方面应该利用自身的市场优势重点培育部分有竞争力的产品,另一方面应该借鉴印度经验培植国际知名的大企业,从而实现市场开拓、技术创新的梯队式发展。
This article uses the import and export similarity, import and export price ratio, RCA index and other indicators of the export of agricultural products in India, import and export prices and competitiveness comparison. The results show that the agricultural products exported by the two countries are similar in structure and the major export markets have a large overlap with strong competitive relations. Both the export prices of agricultural machinery products in India and China are lower than the import prices, and the trade conditions in both countries are poor , China’s import and export price ratio is lower than that of India, which is at a disadvantage on terms of trade and export earnings. The competitiveness of China-India agricultural machinery products is very weak. China has an advantage in export scale and its competitiveness is lower than that of India. To change the current situation that the competitiveness of China’s farm machinery products is generally weak, on the one hand, we should use our own market advantages to focus on cultivating some competitive products. On the other hand, we should learn from India’s experience and cultivate internationally renowned large enterprises so as to realize market exploration, Echelon development of technological innovation.