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水力压裂,作为一种重要的增产手段,在非常规油气的开采中承担着不可或缺的角色。然而,油藏埋藏深、储层物性差、井下温度高和环保要求等问题都给压裂工艺带来了新的挑战。纳米材料因其独特的物理化学特性,在油气行业有巨大的应用潜力,为解决压裂工艺中的重要挑战提供了无限的可能。详细介绍和评述了近年来纳米材料在压裂工艺中的应用,包括压裂液、支撑剂、可分解压裂球、采油废水处理方面等,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。
Hydraulic fracturing, as an important means of stimulation, plays an indispensable role in the unconventional oil and gas exploration. However, problems such as deep oil reservoirs, poor reservoir properties, high downhole temperatures and environmental requirements have all brought new challenges to the fracturing process. Due to their unique physico-chemical properties, nanomaterials have great potential in the oil and gas industry and offer endless possibilities to solve important challenges in fracturing processes. In this paper, the application of nanomaterials in fracturing technology is introduced and reviewed in detail in recent years, including fracturing fluid, proppant, fracturing spheres and oil recovery wastewater treatment. The future research directions are also prospected.