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乙肝病毒(HBV)的母婴传播其严重性在于:婴儿被HBV感染后大部分成为HB_sAg慢性携带者,这些要儿不仅是HBV的社会人群中周转循环扩散的重要环节,同时这类婴儿很可能与成人期的慢性肝病、肝硬化甚至肝癌有关。据我国各地发表资料:孕妇中HB_sAg携带率约为5～10％,HBV母婴传播率约为20～50％,如母亲HB_sAg和HBeAg均为阳性,则其传播率可达75～95％。 1 HBV母婴传播的主要途径 传播途径有垂直与水平传播。其一是宫内感染,约占5～10％。这主要是胎盘内部屏障功能不健全,HBV通过胎盘进入胎儿体内而导致胎儿宫内感染;其二是产道感染,这是最主要的母婴传播途径。HB_sAg与HBeAg阳性的产妇,其阴道分泌物中
The seriousness of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is that most babies become chronic carriers of HBsAg after being infected with HBV. These babies are not only important links in the circulation and circulation of HBV in the social population, And adult chronic liver disease, liver cirrhosis or even liver cancer. According to the published information in our country, the carrying rate of HB_sAg in pregnant women is about 5 to 10% and the transmitting rate of HBV to mother and infant is about 20 to 50%. If the mother is positive for both HB_sAg and HBeAg, the transmission rate can reach 75-95%. 1 The main route of mother-to-child transmission of HBV Transmission of vertical and horizontal transmission. One is intrauterine infection, accounting for about 5 to 10%. This is mainly the internal barrier of the placenta is not perfect, HBV through the placenta into the fetus caused fetal intrauterine infection; the other is the birth canal infection, which is the most important mother-to-child transmission. HBsAg and HBeAg-positive mothers, their vaginal secretions