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十大功劳叶始载于《本草再新》。为小檗科植物阔叶十大功劳、细叶十大功劳或华南十大功劳叶。本品作用多而功效宏,故名。 华南十大功劳叶含异汉防已碱(Isoterandrine)1.556％,小檗碱(Betherine)0.035％,掌叶防已碱(Palmatine)0.035％,药根碱(Jatrorrhizine)0.087％。细叶十大功劳、阔叶十大功劳均含小檗碱。 药理作用 1.抑菌作用 25％阔叶十大功劳叶水煎剂在体外对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌有轻度抑制作用;10％十大功劳叶煎液对金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌中度敏感。细叶十大功劳对福氏痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、甲型溶血性链球菌、枯草杆菌均有抑制作用。 2.对平滑肌影响 细叶十大功劳中提出的3种生物碱(药根碱硫氰酸盐、四氢药根碱-N-甲基硫氰酸盐、棕榈碱硫氰酸盐)在低浓度(0.001-0.002％)时能促进离体肠管的自发运动,高浓度(0.01％以上)时可导致张力上升、运动抑制。对离体蛙心,给药根碱时先抑制后兴奋。掌叶防己碱则为中度兴奋,对麻醉兔静脉注射此生物碱皆可引起短暂或轻度的血压下降。其降压作用与中枢无关,亦不受阿托品的影响,但能抑制肾上腺素的升压作用。
The first leaves of loyalty are contained in “Materia Medica.” For broad-leaved plants of the family Euphorbiaceae, Mahonia candidosa or Laos sinensis. This product has many functions and macro effect, hence the name. Among the top ten plants in South China, Isoterandrine is 1.556%, Betherine is 0.035%, Palmaine is 0.035%, and Jatrorrhizine is 0.087%. Fine-leaved Mahonia, broad-leaved laurel, berberine. Pharmacological effects 1. Antimicrobial effect 25% broadleaf Mahonia leaf decoction slightly inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro; 10% of Dagongye decoction to golden yellow grapes Staphylococcus and Salmonella typhi are moderately sensitive. Fine-leaf chard exerts inhibitory effects on Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. 2. Effects on Smooth Muscles The three alkaloids proposed in the Leymus chinensis (Jhirapine thiocyanate, Tetrahydroapicola-N-methyl thiocyanate, Palmitoyl thiocyanate) are low Concentration (0.001-0.002%) can promote spontaneous movement of isolated intestine, and high concentration (0.01% or more) can lead to increased tension and exercise inhibition. For isolated frog hearts, inhibition of excitability was first followed by the administration of alkaloids. Palmitotide is moderately stimulant. Intravenous injection of this alkaloid in anesthetized rabbits can cause transient or mild blood pressure drop. Its antihypertensive effect has nothing to do with the center, nor is it affected by atropine, but it can inhibit the elevating effect of epinephrine.