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钢筋混凝土短构件在结构中起着重要作用,工作时应力状态复杂,且计算方法不完善,因而在进行这类构件的设计时不得不谨慎从事。横向钢筋一般按构造配置,且在大多数情况下并不能合理地发挥作用。短悬臂梁的应力应变状态的分析证明,在这些构件中主压应力系集中在某一带状区域。它的倾角取决于压应力的主方向,即从荷载至悬臂梁底与柱的交点。集中的主压应力在悬臂梁与柱身的交接处显著密集。此时压应力带的外边线在梁柱接合处大约成45°角。悬臂梁的实验结果表明,混凝土中一般会出现一条倾斜的主裂缝,裂缝位于支承面的内侧且同压应力主方向吻合,好象要把主压应力带与其余混凝土分离开。在大多数情况下,破坏是由于缝端前方
Reinforced concrete short members play an important role in the structure, the stress state during the work is complex, and the calculation method is not perfect, so they have to be cautious in the design of such components. Transverse reinforcement is generally configured as a structure and in most cases it does not function properly. The analysis of the stress-strain state of the short cantilever beam shows that the main compressive stress in these components is concentrated in a certain band. Its inclination depends on the main direction of compressive stress, that is, from the load to the intersection of the bottom of the cantilever beam and the column. The concentrated main compressive stress is significantly dense at the junction of the cantilever beam and the column. At this point, the outer edge of the compressive stress band is approximately 45° at the beam-column junction. The experimental results of the cantilever beam show that there is usually an inclined main crack in the concrete. The crack is located on the inner side of the bearing surface and coincides with the main direction of the compressive stress. It seems to separate the main compressive stress band from the rest of the concrete. In most cases, the damage is due to the front of the seam