论文部分内容阅读
目的 通过肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤29例临床分析,研究各种因素对生存期的影响。方法 通过29例肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的5年追踪,临床分析,比较年龄、性别、肿物浸润肠腔的范围,肿瘤大小,区域淋巴结有无转移及各种治疗方法对生存期的影响,探讨提高生存率、延长生存期的治疗手段。结果 肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤无特殊的临床表现,极易误诊为直肠癌、直肠息肉和血栓性痣。诊断必须依据组织病理学。如能早期诊断,且行以经腹会阴直肠根治术为主,辅助化疗、免疫治疗,就能延长生存期,提高生存率。单纯化疗效果不理想,放疗无效。结论 加强对肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的认识,早期确诊,行Miles氏手术为主的辅助免疫治疗,化疗的综合治疗是延长此病生存期,提高生存率行之有效的方法。
Objective To analyze the effect of various factors on the survival time of 29 cases of anorectal malignant melanoma. Methods 29 cases of anorectal malignant melanoma were followed-up for 5 years. Clinical analysis was performed to compare the age, gender, range of tumor infiltration in the intestine, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and the effect of various treatment methods on survival. Explore treatments that increase survival and prolong survival. Results Anorectal malignant melanoma has no special clinical manifestations and is easily misdiagnosed as rectal cancer, rectal polyps, and thrombotic palsy. The diagnosis must be based on histopathology. If early diagnosis is possible, and transabdominal perineal rectal surgery is the main method, adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy can prolong survival and improve survival. The effect of chemotherapy alone is not ideal and radiotherapy is ineffective. Conclusion To strengthen the understanding of anorectal malignant melanoma, early diagnosis, and adjuvant immunotherapy based on Miles’ surgery, comprehensive treatment of chemotherapy is an effective method to prolong the survival of the disease and improve the survival rate.