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任何化学物质如金属、半导体、核-壳杂化材料及有机高分子等均可形成纳米材料,由于纳米材料较小的粒径、较大的比表面积,使其具有优异的光学、电学、磁学及催化性能。利用物理、化学、生物学及医学等手段,可以对纳米材料的尺度、粒径分布、形貌、表面性质及带隙等进行调控,从而使其具有特殊的性质及应用。本文就纳米材料在生物学及医学领域包括生物荧光标记、靶向药物输送、生物分子检测、细胞及生物分子的分离纯化、磁共振成像增强及肿瘤治疗等方面的应用加以综述,并对其在应用时尚待解决的安全性等问题进行了展望。
Any chemical substances such as metals, semiconductors, core-shell hybrid materials and organic polymers can form nanomaterials. Due to the smaller particle size and larger specific surface area of nanomaterials, nanomaterials have excellent optical, electrical and magnetic properties Learning and catalytic performance. Using physical, chemical, biological and medical means, the size, particle size distribution, morphology, surface properties and band gap of the nanomaterials can be regulated so that they have special properties and applications. This review summarizes the applications of nanomaterials in biology and medicine, including bioluminescence labeling, targeted drug delivery, biomolecule detection, separation and purification of cells and biomolecules, enhancement of magnetic resonance imaging, and oncology treatment. Application security issues to be solved and so on.