Objective:To observe the effect of Radix Astragali (RA), hirudo, hirudin and their compound medicated serum on growth cycle and apoptosis of glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) in rats and their apoptotic morphology. Methods:The prepared cells were randomly divided into control group, hirudo group, hirudin group, RA group and compound group. Flow cytometer was used to detect the growth cycle and apoptosis of GMCs while Wright stain and microscope were applied for the observation of apoptotic cells. Results: RA, hirudo, hirudin and their compound medicated serum could maintain abundant GMCs in gap phase 0/1 (G0/G1) and improve apoptotic rate of GMCs, which had significant differences when compared with control group (P<0.01). Additionally, they could improve GMCs apoptosis, and differences were signiifcant in hirudo and formula groups when compared with control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Hirudo, hirudin, RA and their compound (containing hirudo and RA) can effectively inhibit MC proliferation and promote GMCs apoptosis by stopping GMCs entering phase S of which the efifcacy of compound is the best, followed by hirudo.