美国的遗属保险制度已经实施了66年,和老年保险、伤残保险一起成为社会保障制度中不可或缺的部分。它不仅保障了遗属的基本生活,还很好地推进了性别平等。转型中的中国社会保障制度尚未将遗属生活保障完整地架构在社会保险体系中,政出多头现象严重。有必要借鉴美国经验,构建遗属保险。 The U.S. survivor’s insurance system has been in operation for 66 years and together with the elderly and disability insurance forms an indispensable part of the social security system. It not only guarantees the basic living of the survivors, but also promotes gender equality well. The transitional Chinese social security system has not fully integrated the living security of the survivors into the social insurance system. It is necessary to draw lessons from the United States to build survivors insurance.