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缺血性心脏病严重危害着人类健康。目前,虽然有很多抗心肌缺血的药物,但大多缺乏组织特异性,加上缺血区血液循环障碍,药物在缺血区的分布往往很少。心肌缺血所引起的一些病理生理变化,如内皮细胞膜通透性增加、内皮细胞腔侧膜上细胞黏附分子表达上调、胞内抗原成分外露、缺血区pH值下降等已被利用来实现药物的心肌缺血区靶向分布,虽然都取得了一定的成功,但仍急需寻找更为有效的靶向策略。本文综述并探讨了实现药物被动、主动和物理化学靶向于心肌缺血区的机制与策略。
Ischemic heart disease seriously endangers human health. At present, although there are many anti-ischemic drugs, most of them lack tissue specificity. Coupled with the problems of blood circulation in the ischemic area, the distribution of drugs in the ischemic area is often poor. Some pathophysiological changes caused by myocardial ischemia, such as increased endothelial cell membrane permeability, increased expression of cell adhesion molecules on the luminal side of endothelial cells, exposure of intracellular antigen components, decreased pH of ischemic area, etc. have been used to achieve drug Myocardial ischemic zone targeted distribution, although have achieved some success, but there is an urgent need to find more effective targeting strategy. This review summarizes and discusses the mechanisms and strategies for achieving passive, active and physicochemical targeting of the drug to the ischemic area of the myocardium.