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史前的中国人即发现了人参,并作为一种常用的补益元气药。商品人参来自于五茄科人参属的两种:其一为来源于中国,朝鲜及日本人参panax ginseng C.A.Meyer;其二是来源于美国的西洋人参panax gungnefoliusL。人参生长在混有阔叶树的硬木森林的下层林中,并喜欢长在山的阴坡上,而椴树层的存在则是人参生长的良好环境条件。人参为具有肉质根的多年生草,一年生茎有一轮掌状复叶,顶生5个小花的繖形花序,开花后很快由下位子房结出碗豆大小果实,果实成熟时呈红色。人参是用种子繁殖的。中国关于人参的知识与经验已为感到新奇的大多数外国人用文字记录下来,主要两种出版物是中药发展史上的重要里程
The prehistoric Chinese discovered the ginseng and used it as a kind of replenishing vitality medicine. Commodity ginseng is derived from two species of Panax quinquefolius genus: one is from China, North Korea and Japan Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, and the other is from American Panax ginseng panax gungnefolius L. Ginseng grows in the lower forests of hardwood forests mixed with broad-leaved trees and likes to grow on the shady slopes of the mountains, while the presence of eucalyptus layers is a good environmental condition for the growth of ginseng. Ginseng is a perennial grass with fleshy roots. The annual stalk has a palmate compound leaf. The top five umbels of florets form a bowl of bean-sized fruit from the lower ovary soon after flowering. The fruit is red when ripe. Ginseng is bred with seeds. China’s knowledge and experience about ginseng have been recorded in words for most of the foreigners who are new. The two main publications are an important milestone in the history of Chinese medicine development.