博茨瓦纳的案例表明,自然资源带来的“诅咒”虽然普遍存在,但并不是不可避免的。一些发达国家和发展中国家拥有大量的石油、天然气和(或)矿产,有些国家则拥有丰富的农业资源,这些是不同形式的自然资源财富。原则上,这些自然资源应当为国家带来福祉。事实上,像加拿大和澳大利亚这些发达国家,拥有自然资源财富,并从中获益。在发展中国家,自然资源使投资更加容易,一般情况下,需要付出的短期牺牲也更小,从而为经济增长打下坚实的基础。然而,事实通常并非如此。 The case of Botswana shows that although the “curse” brought by natural resources is ubiquitous, it is not inevitable. Some developed and developing countries own large quantities of oil, gas and / or minerals, while others have abundant agricultural resources, which are different forms of natural resource wealth. In principle, these natural resources should bring happiness to the country. In fact, developed countries such as Canada and Australia have natural resource wealth and benefit from it. In developing countries, natural resources make investment easier, and in the general case, the short-term sacrifices that need to be made are also smaller, laying a solid foundation for economic growth. However, the fact is usually not the case.