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目的了解北京市孕妇的营养知识、态度、行为基本情况及其影响因素,为今后指导孕妇合理营养、制定可行的干预措施提供基础数据。方法随机选取在宣武医院进行产前检查的400例孕妇进行营养知识、态度和行为调查,采用Epi Data进行数据录入,SPSS 15.0进行数据分析。结果孕妇对孕期营养知识有一定的了解,饮食习惯较好,且大多数孕妇希望通过医生得到孕期相关知识指导,并且愿意根据指导内容改善其饮食习惯;营养知识、态度、饮食行为(Knowledge-attitudes-practice,KAP)之间有明显的正相关性(P<0.01),孕妇的营养KAP水平与其孕周和受教育程度呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论目前孕妇的营养知识和饮食行为有待进一步改善,可通过孕妇愿意接受的网络、电视、亲友处等途径进行营养宣教。
Objective To understand the nutritional knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of pregnant women in Beijing and its influencing factors so as to provide basic data for guiding the reasonable nutrition of pregnant women and formulating feasible intervention measures. Methods 400 pregnant women who were prenatal checked in Xuanwu Hospital were randomly selected for nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior investigation. Epi Data was used for data entry and SPSS 15.0 was used for data analysis. Results Pregnant women had some understanding of nutritional knowledge during pregnancy, and their eating habits were better. Most pregnant women wished to obtain the pregnancy-related knowledge guidance through their doctors and were willing to improve their eating habits according to the instructions. Nutrition knowledge, attitudes and eating behaviors -practice, KAP) (P <0.01). The level of nutritional KAP in pregnant women was positively correlated with their gestational age and education level (P <0.01). Conclusions At present, the nutrition knowledge and dietary behaviors of pregnant women need to be further improved. Nutritional education can be carried out through networks, television, relatives and friends that pregnant women are willing to accept.