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通过1954—2000年黄河泥沙资料分析,黄河内蒙古河段侵蚀淤积过程对上游水库运行的响应主要表现为:①盐锅峡和三盛公首先将黄河输沙能力由7.33 kg.m-3降为6.27 kg.m-3,使内蒙古河道由自然淤积状态转变为侵蚀下切状态,小于0.1 mm泥沙侵蚀速率高于大于0.1 mm泥沙淤积速率,河道发生粗化现象;②)刘家峡和青铜峡水库将黄河输沙能力降为3.91 kg.m-3,促使黄河河道中大于0.01 mm泥沙淤积速率大于小于0.01mm泥沙侵蚀速率,使内蒙古河道发生粗化淤积现象;③龙羊峡水库将黄河输沙能力进一步降为3.48 kg.m-3,加剧黄河内蒙古河道淤积现象,大于0.01 mm泥沙和小于0.01 mm泥沙均呈现出淤积状态,淤积速度与黄河上游无水库运作时的自然状态相似。
According to the analysis of sediment data of the Yellow River from 1954 to 2000, the response of the Yellow River in the upper reaches of the Yellow River to the upper reaches of the reservoir is mainly as follows: (1) Yanxiaoxia and Shengshengong first reduced the sediment transport capacity of the Yellow River from 7.33 kg · m -3 Which is 6.27 kg · m-3. The sediment erosion rate of less than 0.1 mm was higher than the sedimentation rate of more than 0.1 mm, and the river course roughened. ②) Liujiaxia and Qingtongxia The reservoir reduced the sediment transport capacity of the Yellow River to 3.91 kg.m-3, which caused the sedimentation rate of sediment larger than 0.01 mm in the Yellow River to be greater than the sediment erosion rate of less than 0.01 mm, causing the sedimentation and sedimentation of the river course in Inner Mongolia. ③ Longyangxia Reservoir Sediment transport capacity of the Yellow River is further reduced to 3.48 kg.m -3, exacerbating the siltation in the river channels in the Yellow River in the Yellow River. Sediment of more than 0.01 mm and sediment of less than 0.01 mm all show siltation. The sedimentation rate is similar to the natural state similar.