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1973年国际海洋污染会议提出关于防止船舶污染的国际公约,通称为“MARPAL 1973公约”。然而,当时因实施这一文件的必要工业技术尚处于发展阶段,故延期批准该文件,而代之以一个与此文件有关的1978修正案,即一般称为“73/78公约”。73/78公约至少有5个附件。附件Ⅰ详述有关油质残留物规定,于1983年10月2日实施。附件Ⅱ详述有关散装有害液体物质的规定,于1987年4月6日实施。附件Ⅲ(件货)、附件Ⅳ(污水)以及附件Ⅴ(垃圾)均尚待实施。
1973 International Conference on Marine Pollution International Convention on the Prevention of Ship Pollution, commonly known as “MARPAL 1973 Convention.” However, due to the fact that the necessary industrial technology for the implementation of this document was still at an advanced stage of development, the document was postponed and replaced with an 1978 amendment to the document, commonly known as the 73/78 Convention. There are at least 5 annexes to the 73/78 Convention. Annex I details the provisions on oleaginous residues and was implemented on 2 October 1983. Annex II details the provisions concerning bulk hazardous liquid substances and was implemented on April 6, 1987. Annex III (Cargo), Annex IV (Sewage) and Annex V (Garbage) are yet to be implemented.