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以水曲柳与大叶白蜡杂交F1为试材并对部分花粉进行了高压静电场处理,探讨干旱胁迫对种间杂交F1生长量、光合特性和叶绿素含量等指标的影响。结果表明:(1)干旱胁迫处理的F1在净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率的降低幅度分别比母本(水曲柳自由授粉子代M7S和M8S)平均低5.1%、27.55%和12.05%,F1的叶绿素含量降低幅度比M7S和M8S降低幅度小并且复水后F1叶绿素回复能力也较强。(2)母本效应对F1表现出明显的影响。(3)高压静电场处理花粉提高了杂交子代对干旱胁迫的适应能力,有效抑制了受胁迫植株的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率的降低,但静电场处理F1在解除胁迫后叶绿素含量及光合恢复能力方面存在差异。(4)杂交组合M8A4T和M7A2T的抗旱优势比较明显,杂交组合M8A2T对抗旱性比较敏感但也具有很强的恢复力。该研究初步明确了水曲柳×大叶白蜡杂交各组合F1对干旱胁迫的光合特性的生理响应,为干旱半干旱地区选育优良树种奠定了基础。
F1 hybrids between Chinese ash and big leaf white wax were used as experimental material and some pollens were treated by high voltage electrostatic field to investigate the effects of drought stress on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of interspecific hybrid F1. The results showed that: (1) The average decrease of net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of F1 under drought stress was 5.1%, 27.55% and 12.05 lower than that of the female parent (M7S and M8S) %, The decreasing extent of chlorophyll content of F1 is less than that of M7S and M8S, and the ability of F1 chlorophyll to recover after rewatering is also stronger. (2) The maternal effect has obvious effect on F1. (3) The treatment of pollen by high-voltage electrostatic field enhanced the adaptability of hybrid progenies to drought stress and effectively inhibited the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of the stressed plants. However, under the electrostatic field treatment, There are differences in content and photosynthetic recovery ability. (4) The drought-resistant advantages of the hybrid combinations M8A4T and M7A2T are obvious, and the hybrid combination M8A2T is more sensitive to drought but also has a strong resilience. This study initially identified the physiological response of F1 hybrids to the photosynthetic characteristics of drought stress, and laid the foundation for breeding elite tree species in arid and semi-arid areas.